Record · Permits
Bistrozzi LLC Data Center (Project BOSC) - Initial Installation
4132514
Fields
agency
Ohio EPA
program
Air Pollution Permit-to-Install (Final, Division of Air Pollution Control)
permit_no
P0138965
action
issued
action_date
2026-05-28
plans_received_date
—
expiration_date
—
applicant
Bistrozzi LLC
applicant_address
1700 K Street, N.W., Fifth Floor, Washington, DC 20006-3817
contact_name
Michael Montfort
contact_email
—
contact_firm
Bistrozzi LLC
project_name
Bistrozzi LLC Data Center (Project BOSC) - Initial Installation
site_address
N Cole Rd. and W Bluelick Rd., Lima, OH 45801
affected_resource
115 emergency CI diesel-fired gensets (P001-P115; 114 data-hall gensets + 1 HUBGEN) and 36 cooling towers (P120-P155) for a data center
parcel_ids
—
facility_id
0302022054
permit_type
Initial Installation
effective_date
2026-05-28
issued_date
2026-05-28
permit_fee_usd
71755
permit_description
Installation of a data center with 115 diesel-fired generators and 36 cooling towers.
data_hall_grouping
Three generator groups of 38 (GEN 1/2/3) and three cooling-tower groups of 12 (TWR 1/2/3) — the emission-unit grouping corroborates a THREE-data-hall campus layout (resolves the audit's anticipated "approx three halls"). Per-hall: 38 gensets + 12 cooling towers. (Plot plan / building footprint itself is not an attachment to this issued-permit PDF.)
note
FINAL Ohio EPA Air Pollution Permit-to-Install P0138965 for Bistrozzi LLC (Project BOSC), Facility ID 0302022054, Allen County — issued and effective 2026-05-28, permit fee $71,755, applications A0080713 (12/02/2025) + A0080278. Authorizes a data center with 115 diesel-fired emergency generators (P001-P115: 114 identical data-hall gensets in three groups of 38 + one HUBGEN) and 36 non-contact cooling towers (P120-P155, three groups of 12) — the three-group emission-unit structure corroborates a three-data-hall campus. Federally enforceable synthetic-minor caps keep the facility under major-source NSR: NOx 235.62 tpy and CO 96.06 tpy (rolling 12-month, combined), demonstrated by per-engine hours-at-load recordkeeping (Table 1/2 rates). Engines are Tier 2 CI ICE > 560 kW under 40 CFR 60 Subpart IIII (0.20 g PM, 6.4 g NOx+NMHC, 3.5 g CO per kW-hr), fueled on ULSD or HVO renewable diesel (<= 15 ppm S). Cooling towers limited to ~4.0 tpy PM10 / ~1.4 tpy PM2.5 combined via 0.001% drift eliminators. The facility is MAJOR for Title V (operating-permit app due within 12 months of commencing operation). Engine make/model/size is withheld as trade secret (Comments 16/19), so the per-engine ekW (and thus the ~313 MW backup figure) is NOT in this document — it derives from the draft public notice. Document includes a 64-item Response to Comments (public notice 2026-02-09; hearing 2026-03-11; comment period closed 2026-03-25). Supersedes the 2025-12-10 DRAFT of the same permit (eDocs 3987141/3987144). Source eDocument 4132514 (Ohio EPA eDocument/eBusiness; Facility 0302022054).
applications
- A0080713
- A0080278
issuing_officials
- director John Logue (Director, Ohio EPA)
- dapc_chief Robert Hodanbosi (Chief, Division of Air Pollution Control)
- district_office Ohio EPA DAPC, Northwest District Office, 347 North Dunbridge Rd., Bowling Green, OH 43402, (419)352-8461
regulatory_status
- nsr synthetic minor to avoid major New Source Review (federally enforceable NOx/CO caps; see facility_wide_limits)
- title_v major source — Title V operating-permit application due within 12 months of commencing operation (Response 40)
- neshap area-source 40 CFR 63 Subpart ZZZZ, met via compliance with 40 CFR 60 Subpart IIII (implemented/enforced by U.S. EPA Region 5; Ohio EPA not taking delegation)
- psd no
- pte_basis potential-to-emit based on 500 hr/yr per engine (U.S. EPA 1995 PTE-for-emergency-generators memo; Response 51)
emission_unit_groups
- emergency_generators
- ids P001-P115
- count 115
- detail P001-P114 = data-hall gensets GEN 1-1..1-38, GEN 2-1..2-38, GEN 3-1..3-38 (three groups of 38); P115 = HUBGEN (separate, smaller unit)
- rule_basis 40 CFR 60 Subpart IIII; Tier 2 CI ICE > 560 kW, < 10 L/cylinder, Model Year 2006+
- cooling_towers
- ids P120-P155
- count 36
- detail non-contact cooling towers w/ drift eliminators TWR 1-1..1-12, TWR 2-1..2-12, TWR 3-1..3-12 (three groups of 12)
facility_wide_limits
- nox_tpy 235.62
- co_tpy 96.06
- basis synthetic-minor caps to stay under major-source NSR; tracked by hours-at-load formulas (B.4.b) using per-engine rates below
- per_engine_rates_lb_per_hr
- P001-P114
- nox_le_25pct_load 12.15
- nox_gt_25pct_load 75.78
- co_le_25pct_load 7.08
- co_gt_25pct_load 17.62
- P115
- nox 13.71
- co 7.72
- P001-P114
engine_emission_standards
- pm_g_per_kwh 0.2
- nox_plus_nmhc_g_per_kwh 6.4
- co_g_per_kwh 3.5
- opacity 20% accel / 15% lugging / 50% peaks (40 CFR 1039.105)
fuel_spec
- fuels ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) or renewable diesel (HVO / hydrotreated vegetable oil)
- sulfur_max_ppm 15
- cetane_or_aromatics min cetane index 40 OR max aromatic content 35 vol%
- note HVO is not a fossil fuel (Response 11); air-toxics modeling not required because combined toxic-air-contaminant PTE < 1.0 tpy (ORC 3704.03(F); OAC 3745-114-01)
cooling_tower_limits
- pm10_tpy_per_unit 0.11
- pm25_tpy_per_unit 0.04
- combined_pm10_tpy ~4.0
- combined_pm25_tpy ~1.4
- drift_loss_max_pct 0.001
reported_facility_emissions
- nox_tpy 235.62
- co_tpy 96.06
- pm10_tpy ~4.0
- pm25_tpy ~1.4
- so2_and_haps_tpy < 1 each (facility-wide)
response_to_comments
- count 64
- public_notice_date 2026-02-09
- hearing_date 2026-03-11
- comment_period_end 2026-03-25
- topics
- Public Health and Air Emissions (asthma/cancer concerns, NAAQS, PFAS in cooling-water additives)
- Environmental Justice (EJScreen / Title VI)
- Air Quality / Monitoring (SLAMS; Lima monitor AQS 39-003-0009 at 2650 Bible Rd; no fenceline monitoring required)
- Air Quality Analysis (NOx state-only dispersion modeling, GAII 12.5 vs modeled 11.66 ug/m3; PSD/NSR thresholds not triggered)
- Transparency and Public Process (trade-secret/CBI redactions of engine specs; ORC 3704.08)
- Permitting Process (synthetic-minor; 180-day clock; app 10/19/25, revised 12/2/25)
- Diesel Engine Emissions and Operations (BAT/Tier 2; 100-hr non-emergency cap; 500-hr PTE; no required testing)
- Water Use and Wastewater (referred to ODNR / ODH; cooling-water blowdown may need an NPDES permit — out of air-permit scope)
- Power Grid (referred to PUCO / utility)
- Wildlife, Animals, Agriculture, and Ecosystems (NPDES CGP 2GC08468 to Turner Construction 2025-11-10; level-1 isolated wetland permit after withdrawing a level-2 application)
- Noise (referred to American Township)
- Grave Site (burial site on property; company to contact commenter)
- General Comments Against the Project
supersedes
- draft_permit P0138965 (DRAFT, 2025-12-10)
- draft_extractions
- permits/3987141.epa.yaml
- permits/3987144.epa.yaml
⚠ Gaps in the record
- This is the FINAL Air Pollution Permit-to-Install (DAPC), issued 2026-05-28 — it supersedes the 2025-12-10 DRAFT of the same permit number P0138965 already in the corpus (eDocs 3987141, 3987144). Action recorded as 'issued'.
- Air Pollution permit (Division of Air Pollution Control), not Division of Surface Water / 401 / wetland — outside the typical DSW scope of the EpaPermitAction schema; air-specific substance captured in the extra structured fields below.
- Per-engine nameplate power is NOT stated in this final permit — engine make/model/size is redacted as Confidential Business Information / trade secret (Comments 16, 19; Response 16). The ~2,750 ekW/engine figure behind the ~313 MW backup total comes from the DRAFT public notice (eDocs 3987141/3987144), not this document. This permit confirms the unit COUNT (114 hall gensets + 1 HUBGEN = 115) and emission RATES, not the per-unit ekW.
- The draft extractions flagged a 114-vs-115 generator discrepancy; the final permit resolves it — 115 emissions units P001-P115, of which P001-P114 are identical data-hall gensets and P115 is a separate, smaller HUBGEN (distinct emission rates, Table 1/2).
- Manual review (dpi=0 sentinel). Dollar/limit figures are high-confidence (printed in the issued permit body, not OCR); see pages cited inline.
permits/4132514.epa.yaml · — · permits